@incollection{eprints1454,
       booktitle = {Proceeding of the 23rd International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)},
           title = {Introducing RDF Graph Summary with Application to Assisted SPARQL Formulation},
            year = {2012},
       publisher = {IEEE},
           month = {September},
          author = {Stephane Campinas and Thomas E. Perry and Diego Ceccarelli and Renaud Delbru and Giovanni Tummarello},
           pages = {261 --266},
             url = {http://eprints.imtlucca.it/1454/},
        abstract = {One of the reasons for the slow adoption of SPARQL is the complexity in query formulation due to data diversity. The principal barrier a user faces when trying to formulate a query is that he generally has no information about the underlying structure and vocabulary of the data. In this paper, we address this problem at the maximum scale we can think of: providing assistance in formulating SPARQL queries over the entire Sindice data collection - 15 billion triples and counting coming from more than 300K datasets. We present a method to help users in formulating complex SPARQL queries across multiple heterogeneous data sources. Even if the structure and vocabulary of the data sources are unknown to the user, the user is able to quickly and easily formulate his queries. Our method is based on a summary of the data graph and assists the user during an interactive query formulation by recommending possible structural query elements.},
        keywords = {RDF graph summary; SPARQL query; Sindice data collection; assisted SPARQL formulation; data diversity; data graph; interactive query formulation; structural query element; query formulation; query languages;}
}