<> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^ . <> . . . "COMT Genetic Reduction Produces Sexually Divergent Effects on Cortical Anatomy and Working Memory in Mice and Humans"^^ . "Genetic variations in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) that modulate cortical dopamine have been associated with pleiotropic behavioral effects in humans and mice. Recent data suggest that some of these effects may vary among sexes. However, the specific brain substrates underlying COMT sexual dimorphisms remain unknown. Here, we report that genetically driven reduction in COMT enzyme activity increased cortical thickness in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and postero-parieto-temporal cortex of male, but not female adult mice and humans. Dichotomous changes in PFC cytoarchitecture were also observed: reduced COMT increased a measure of neuronal density in males, while reducing it in female mice. Consistent with the neuroanatomical findings, COMT-dependent sex-specific morphological brain changes were paralleled by divergent effects on PFC-dependent working memory in both mice and humans. These findings emphasize a specific sex–gene interaction that can modulate brain morphological substrates with influence on behavioral outcomes in healthy subjects and, potentially, in neuropsychiatric populations. "^^ . "2015" . "25" . "9" . . "Oxford University press"^^ . . . "Cerebral Cortex"^^ . . . "10473211" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Mario"^^ . "Damiano"^^ . "Mario Damiano"^^ . . "Alberto"^^ . "Galbusera"^^ . "Alberto Galbusera"^^ . . "Sotirios A."^^ . "Tsaftaris"^^ . "Sotirios A. Tsaftaris"^^ . . "Sara"^^ . "Sannino"^^ . "Sara Sannino"^^ . . "Carlo"^^ . "Caltagirone"^^ . "Carlo Caltagirone"^^ . . "Francesca"^^ . "Manago"^^ . "Francesca Manago"^^ . . "Diego"^^ . "Scheggia"^^ . "Diego Scheggia"^^ . . "Antonio"^^ . "Cerasa"^^ . "Antonio Cerasa"^^ . . "Lucy C."^^ . "Erickson"^^ . "Lucy C. Erickson"^^ . . "Francesco"^^ . "Papaleo"^^ . "Francesco Papaleo"^^ . . "Angelo"^^ . "Bifone"^^ . "Angelo Bifone"^^ . . "Daniel R."^^ . "Weinberger"^^ . "Daniel R. Weinberger"^^ . . "Gianfranco"^^ . "Spalletta"^^ . "Gianfranco Spalletta"^^ . . "Davide"^^ . "De Pietri Tonelli"^^ . "Davide De Pietri Tonelli"^^ . . "Fabrizio"^^ . "Piras"^^ . "Fabrizio Piras"^^ . . "Alessandro"^^ . "Gozzi"^^ . "Alessandro Gozzi"^^ . . . . . "HTML Summary of #2182 \n\nCOMT Genetic Reduction Produces Sexually Divergent Effects on Cortical Anatomy and Working Memory in Mice and Humans\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science"@en . . . "R Medicine (General)"@en . .