?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Feprints.imtlucca.it%2F2753%2F&rft.title=The+Similarity+of+Global+Value+Chains%3A+a+Network-Based+Measure&rft.creator=Zhu%2C+Zhen&rft.creator=Morrison%2C+Greg&rft.creator=Puliga%2C+Michelangelo&rft.creator=Chessa%2C+Alessandro&rft.creator=Riccaboni%2C+Massimo&rft.subject=HB+Economic+Theory&rft.subject=HD+Industries.+Land+use.+Labor&rft.subject=HD61+Risk+Management&rft.description=International+trade+has+been+increasingly+organized+in+the+form+of+global+value+chains%0D%0A(GVCs)+where+different+stages+of+production+are+located+in+dfferent+countries.+This%0D%0Arecent+phenomenon+has+substantial+consequences+for+both+trade+policy+design+at+the%0D%0Anational+or+regional+level+and+business+decision+making+at+the+form+level.+In+this+paper%2C%0D%0Awe+provide+a+new+method+for+comparing+GVCs+across+countries+and+over+time.+First%2C%0D%0Awe+use+the+World+Input-Output+Database+(WIOD)+to+construct+both+the+upstream+and%0D%0Adownstream+global+value+networks%2C+where+the+nodes+are+individual+sectors+in+dfferent%0D%0Acountries+and+the+links+are+the+value-added+contribution+relationships.+Second%2C+we+introduce%0D%0Aa+network-based+measure+of+node+similarity+to+compare+the+GVCs+between+any%0D%0Apair+of+countries+for+each+sector+and+each+year+available+in+the+WIOD.+Our+networkbased%0D%0Asimilarity+is+a+better+measure+for+node+comparison+than+the+existing+ones+because%0D%0Ait+takes+into+account+all+the+direct+and+indirect+relationships+between+country-sector%0D%0Apairs%2C+is+applicable+to+both+directed+and+weighted+networks+with+self-loops%2C+and+takes%0D%0Ainto+account+externally+defined+node+attributes.+As+a+result%2C+our+measure+of+similarity%0D%0Areveals+the+most+intensive+interactions+among+the+GVCs+across+countries+and+over+time.%0D%0AFrom+1995+to+2011%2C+the+average+similarity+between+sectors+and+countries+have+clear+increasing%0D%0Atrends%2C+which+are+temporarily+interrupted+by+the+recent+economic+crisis.+This%0D%0Ameasure+of+the+similarity+of+GVCs+provides+quantitative+answers+to+important+questions%0D%0Aabout+dependency%2C+sustainability%2C+risk%2C+and+competition+in+the+global+production%0D%0Asystem.&rft.publisher=IMT+Institute+for+Advanced+Studies+Lucca&rft.date=2015-09&rft.type=Working+Paper&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.rights=cc_by_nc&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Feprints.imtlucca.it%2F2753%2F1%2FWP_2015_9.pdf&rft.identifier=++Zhu%2C+Zhen+and+Morrison%2C+Greg+and+Puliga%2C+Michelangelo+and+Chessa%2C+Alessandro+and+Riccaboni%2C+Massimo++The+Similarity+of+Global+Value+Chains%3A+a+Network-Based+Measure.++EIC+working+paper+series++%239%2F2015++++IMT+Institute+for+Advanced+Studies+Lucca++++ISSN+2279-6894.++++(Submitted)+++