@article{eprints494,
         journal = {Automatica},
            year = {2006},
          author = {Alberto Bemporad and David Mu{\~n}oz de la Pe{\~n}a and Peter Piazzesi},
           title = {Optimal control of investments for quality of supply improvement in electrical energy distribution networks},
          volume = {42},
          number = {8},
           month = {August},
       publisher = {Elsevier Science Limited},
           pages = {1331--1336},
             url = {http://eprints.imtlucca.it/494/},
        abstract = {This paper considers the problem of deciding multi-period investments for maintenance and upgrade of electrical energy distribution networks. After describing the network as a constrained hybrid dynamical system, optimal control theory is applied to optimize profit under a complex incentive/penalty mechanism imposed by public authorities. The dynamics of the system and the cost function are translated into a mixed integer optimization model, whose solution gives the optimal investment policy over the multi-period horizon. While for a reduced-size test problem the pure mixed-integer approach provides the best optimal control policy, for real-life large-scale scenarios a heuristic solution is also introduced. Finally, the uncertainty associated with the dynamical model of the network is taken care of by adopting ideas from stochastic programming.},
        keywords = {Investment planning; Optimal control; Hybrid systems; Mixed-integer programming; Stochastic systems}
}