@incollection{eprints522,
          author = {Nicol{\`o} Giorgetti and Alberto Bemporad and Ilya Kolmanovsky and Davor Hrovat},
            year = {2005},
         journal = {Symposium on Industrial Electronics},
           title = {Explicit hybrid optimal control of direct injection stratified charge engines},
       booktitle = {Symposium on Industrial Electronics},
         address = {20th-23th June 2005 },
          volume = {1},
           pages = {247--252},
       publisher = {IEEE},
             url = {http://eprints.imtlucca.it/522/},
        keywords = {Combustion; Control design; Cost function; Engine cylinders; Fuels; Logic; Optimal control; Sparks; Timing; Torque control },
        abstract = {This paper illustrates the application of hybrid
modeling and receding horizon optimal control techniques
to the problem of air-to-fuel ratio and torque management
in advanced technology gasoline direct injection stratified
charge (DISC) engines. A DISC engine represents an example
of a constrained hybrid system, because it can operate
in two discrete modes (stratified and homogeneous) and
because the mode-dependent constraints on the air-to-fuel
ratio and on the spark timing need to be enforced. The paper
extends the prior work by the authors [1] and reports the
development of an explicit controller which implements the
optimal solution using piecewise affine functions of the state, thereby avoiding the need for on-line optimization. Strategies to simplify the explicit controller by reducing the number of regions in its characterization are discussed.}
}